Sulfadiazine

Sulfadiazine is a broad-spectrum antibacterial sulfonamide, primarily used in the veterinary field. Its core function is to competitively inhibit bacterial dihydrofolate synthase, blocking nucleic acid and protein synthesis. Due to its high blood-brain barrier permeability, it is particularly suitable for treating swine streptococcal meningitis, toxoplasmosis, and various bacterial infections in poultry, cattle, and sheep.

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Q1: What is the basic information?

A1:​
CAS No. 68-35-9
Molecular Formula: C₁₀H₁₀N₄O₂S
Appearance: White or off-white crystalline powder, odorless and tasteless. Practically insoluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol/acetone, readily soluble in dilute NaOH/ammonia/dilute HCl. Gradually turns yellowish-brown upon light exposure; store in the dark.

Q2: What is its pharmacological action?

A2:​ Broad-spectrum sulfonamide antibiotic. Competitively binds to bacterial DHPS, blocking PABA utilization → inhibits dihydrofolate and tetrahydrofolate synthesis → stops nucleic acid/protein synthesis. Effective against Streptococcus, Pneumococcus, Salmonella, E. coli, Pasteurella, Corynebacterium pyogenes, etc. Partially inhibits Toxoplasma gondii, Leukocytozoon, and Coccidia. Highest blood-brain barrier penetration rate among sulfonamides, reaching effective CSF concentrations.

Q3: What are its indications?

A3:​ Veterinary raw material for: swine streptococcal meningitis, pseudorabies secondary encephalitis, toxoplasmosis (first-line treatment); avian infectious coryza, fowl cholera, E. coli/Salmonella infection; bovine/sheep systemic infection, mastitis (with local treatment); prevention of external wound infection.

Q4: What are the storage requirements?

A4:​ Sealed, protected from light, cool and dry place (<25°C). Avoid co-storage with acidic feed additives.