Q1: What is the basic information?
A1: Name: Levamisole Hydrochloride, CAS No.: 16595-80-5, Molecular Formula: C₁₁H₁₃ClN₂S. Appearance: White or off-white crystalline powder; odorless with a bitter taste. Highly soluble in water (>200 mg/mL), soluble in ethanol and methanol, practically insoluble in chloroform and diethyl ether. Aqueous solution pH ≈ 4–6; stable.
Q2: What is its pharmacological action?
A2: Imidazothiazole-class broad-spectrum anthelmintic and immunomodulator.
① Anthelmintic: Binds to helminth myosin/nicotinic acetylcholine receptors → sustained depolarization → spasm and paralysis (nicotinic effect) → expelled by intestinal peristalsis; highly effective against adult worms, partially effective against migrating larvae.
② Immunomodulatory: Promotes T-lymphocyte differentiation/proliferation; enhances macrophage phagocytosis and IL-2/IFN-γ secretion → improves cell-mediated immunity (low-dose intermittent use).
Q3: What are its indications?
A3: Gastrointestinal nematodes (Haemonchus, Ostertagia, Trichostrongylus, Ascaris suum, Oesophagostomum) and lungworms (Dictyocaulus) in pigs, cattle, sheep, poultry. Low-dose intermittent use as immunostimulant (pigs/poultry, region-dependent).
Q4: What are the storage requirements?
A4: Sealed container, protected from light, store at 2–8°C.
